Neutralizing auto-Abs against type I IFNs were first detected in the 1980s, in patients treated with IFN-α or IFN-β for various indications (Rudick et al., 1998; Vallbracht et al., 1981) and in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a condition associated with high levels of type I IFNs in the blood (Gupta et al., 2016; Panem et al., 1982). This evidence concerns the gene IFNB1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.