Thus, we recruited 53 patients with advanced lung cancer (non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)), and 47 healthy volunteers, serum vitamin D (25(OH)D3, 1α,25(OH)2D3) levels, and baseline expression of ICRs on CD8+ T and Vγ9Vδ2+ T cells from PBMCs were analyzed. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and lung cancer.