INS and Insulin resistance: The administration of cardamom (3 g/day, 10 weeks) declined serum hemoglobin-A1C (HbA1C) (from 8.19 to 7.71 %), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (from 5.01 to 3.80), insulin (from 12.8 to 10.7 μIU/dl), TG levels (from 158.4 to 125.8 mg/dl), and elevated SIRT1 level (from 8.73 to 11.10 ng/dl) in overweight/obese T2DM patients (44).