FGF21 and gestational diabetes: Compared to normal pregnant mice, the placental mRNA expressions of Fgf4 and Fgf21 were increased most in HFD-GDM mice, while no significant changes were found in the other FGFs like Fgf7 and Fgf8. The protein levels of FGF1, FGF4 and FGF21 examined by ELISA also revealed a significant increase in HFD-GDM mice especially FGF4 (Figures 2.G–I).