CSF1R and neoplasm: Given the high abundance of such suppressor cells in the portal blood [7] and PDAC resistance to checkpoint therapies [26, 39, 49], our findings indicate an intersection of tumor cell effects on myeloid differentiation signaling pathways with PDAC immunoresistance as a mechanism of action for combined immunotherapies including anti-IL-8/anti-CSF1R based therapies such as Cabiralizumab and BMS-986253 to prevent liver metastasis contributions to PDAC progression after surgical resection.