TDP-43 pathology correlates well with neuronal loss in C9FTD/ALS, leading to the proposal of an “amyloid-like cascade” hypothesis of neurodegeneration, whereby the C9orf72 expansion produces RNA foci and DPRs which somehow trigger TDP-43 pathology and this causes neuronal death17. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.