The strategy may broadly benefit targeted therapies for osteoporosis.165 The genetically modified MSCs that highly express PEDF provide a more satisfactory outcome in preventing lung carcinoma progression.247 The MSCs that deliver CXCL9 and OX40 ligand, as well as the CCL19-expressing MSCs, could increase the infiltration of CCR7+ DCs, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells in tumor sites to elicit their anti-tumor effects.248,249 Additionally, MSC(BM)s could internalize antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (CPX) and then release CPX to inhibit bacterial activity. The gene discussed is CXCL9; the disease is neoplasm.