GAD1 and depressive symptom measurement: Studies have inconsistent findings on changes of SN and ECN in GAD, SAD, and depression, for example, some studies found decreased connectivity between key nodes in the SN and the ECN in GAD (Etkin, Prater, Schatzberg, Menon, & Greicius, 2009; Kim, Gee, Loucks, Davis, & Whalen, 2011), SAD (Liao et al., 2010b), and depression (Ellard et al., 2018), while other studies found increased rsFC of SN to ECN in depression (Liu et al., 2021) and this increased ECN-SN was correlated with overall depression severity (Li et al., 2017).