Furthermore, we found that 80% of patients exhibiting a significant ‘PLCZ1 deficiency’ (a low expression level and a low proportion of sperm exhibiting PLCZ1) who opted for AOA treatment achieved significant improvements in their fertilization rate (approximately 40% higher) and pregnancy/live birth rates (both 40% per initiated cycle), thus demonstrating that this more robust and reproducible PLCZ1 assay was more efficient with regards to diagnosing PLCZ1 deficiency (Meng et al. 2020). The gene discussed is PLCZ1; the disease is hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.