TGFB1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: This study enrolled 52 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients (30 males and 22 females) at the average age of 56.4 ± 6.6 years in the range from 46 to 70 years, explored the involvement of NCK1-AS1 in ESCC, and analyzed the possible interaction between NCK1-AS1 and TGF-β signaling.