TSSC4 and glioblastoma: We demonstrated that TMZ-induced cell death was reduced by 3-MA or knockdown of ATG7, an essential component for autophagosome formation downstream of the autophagy pathway, in control and TSSC4 knockout GBM cells and TSSC4 knockout increases TMZ-induced cell death, supporting that TMZ induces AuICD which can be elevated by downregulation of TSSC4.