In particular, in the Hippo pathway of tumor cells, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) induced by YAP/TAZ is a cell membrane surface marker on tumor cells, which usually binds to homologous receptors on cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), induces T cell depletion and prevents CTL-mediated tumor-specific killing. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.