However, after excluding the patients with AD pathology in the CSF (NABD−), total tau protein levels (but not phosphorylated tau protein) were significantly lower in the NABD than in the AD group (NABD total tau protein 458.4 ± 198 pg/ml versus total tau protein in AD 820 ± 309 pg/ml, p < 0.005, Table 1 and Figure 2). This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Alzheimer disease.