The common finding among studies using ELS models MD (Authement et al., 2018; Shepard et al., 2018b; Simmons et al., 2020; Langlois et al., 2021) and MS (Tchenio et al., 2017) is that ELS promotes LHb hyperexcitability although the underlying mechanisms vary from downregulation of small conductance (SK2) potassium channels and increased protein kinase (PKA) activity in LHb (Authement et al., 2018) to decreased postsynaptic GABABR-GIRK signaling arising from entopeduncular nucleus GABAergic inputs to LHb (Tchenio et al., 2017). Here, LHB is linked to Menkes disease.