TNF and autoimmune polyendocrinopathy: APS could down-regulate inflammation-related pathway proteins and cytokines in vitro and in vivo, such as a series of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-18, cyclooxygenase-2, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), which up-regulate anti-inflammation cytokine interleukin-10 (Cui et al., 2016; Sun et al., 2019; Cai et al., 2020).