AKT1 and osteonecrosis: It was reported that exosomes derived from Wharton’s jelly of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can transfer miR-21–5p and greatly reduces osteocyte apoptosis for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral heads in rats by activating the AKT serine/threonine kinase (AKT) signaling pathway (Kuang et al., 2019).