Among them, the expression levels of proteins Akt1/2/3 (T308), CREB (S133), Chk-2 (T68), c-jun (S63), GSK-3α/β (S21/S9), GSK-3β (S9), p53 (S46), JNK1/2/3 (T183/Y185, T221/Y223), p38α (T180/Y182), PDGF Rβ (Y751), PLC-γ1 (Y783), Src (Y419), PYK2 (Y402), Yes (Y426), STAT1 (Y701) and STAT3 (S727) were assayed to be a significant down-regulation upon SLC4A4 knockdown compared with the shCtrl-infected cells (P < 0.05; Fig. 6A–C), suggesting the potential functional targets for SLC4A4-related regulation of PCa and guiding future directions of our research. Here, CREB1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.