After adjusting expectoration, chest pain, low fever, COPD, IFN-γ, hypertension, hemoptysis, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-12, miR-378 was independently correlated with the activity of TB patients (P = 0.047, OR = 39.016, 95% CI: 1.054–1444.199) (Table 3). This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.