Ultimately, considering that the effect of acute administration of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus on airway inflammation and lung damage in a murine model of ALI induced by lipopolysaccharide from Eschericia coli has not well been elucidated yet, the present study was designed to investigate if the oral feeding with probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus modulates the equilibrium between the secretion of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and attenuates the lung damage, by modulating TLR and NF-κB, in response to the ALI. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.