The proteins expressed by human glioblastoma cells that were decreased by AF16 have in the majority of cases been associated with lower T cell and higher myeloid cell tumor infiltration (LIF, IL6, CSF1), glioblastoma progression and poor prognosis (OPG, CDCP1, CXCL5, 4E-BP1, CX3CL1, FGF5, LAP-TGFβ)53–55, while some factors (CCL2, Flt3L, CXCL10) were described as proinflammatory and potentially tumor-suppressive56. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and glioblastoma.