In addition, for mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) (Fig. 3c), we found several genes enriched in S2, such as SPP1, which is highly expressed in tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) that promotes M2 polarization facilitating immune escape23 and TREM2, which marks the highly immunosuppressive TAMs24. This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and neoplasm.