VIM and metastatic malignant neoplasm in the lymph nodes: Zhou et al., found that patients whose primary tumors express high vimentin levels with loss of E-cadherin expression were more likely to experience lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, perineural invasion, and advanced staging (American Joint Committee on Cancer stage) than patients with high or low vimentin expression and preserved E-cadherin expression or low vimentin expression and loss of E-cadherin expression (Zhou et al., 2021).