The following neurological diseases have been reported to closely correlate with aberrant expression of NRSF: neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., HD, PD, dementia, Down syndrome, and Niemann–Pick type C disease [NPC]), brain injury (e.g., ischemia injury, global ischemia, and stroke-related brain injury), seizures, mental diseases, and other disorders, like alcoholism (Lepagnol-Bestel et al., 2009; Cai et al., 2011; Yu et al., 2013; Henriksson et al., 2014; Hwang and Zukin, 2018; Kawamura et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene REST and dementia.