At the same time, glucocorticoids can inhibit VEGF pathway (Fischer et al., 2001), inhibit retinal vascular leakage, decrease VEGF expression (Edelman et al., 2005; Felinski and Antonetti, 2005; Bucolo et al., 2018), reduce blood vessel exudation, thus reducing macular edema. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is macular retinal edema.