A recent study showed that multiple MAPK pathway mutations found in HNSCC patient tumors, including BRAF p.V600E, HRAS p.G12V, MEK1 p.K57N, MEK2 p.F57L, MAPK1 p.E322K, MAPK1 p.D321N, ARAF p.S214F, ARAF p.P508L, as well as wildtype A/BRAF genes could significantly suppress p-ErbB3 levels in HNSCC cells7. This evidence concerns the gene ARAF and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.