Similarly, in syngeneic murine mammary carcinoma cells, weakly-metastatic 4TO7 cells expressed much less DKK1 compared to highly metastatic 4T1 cells (Fig. 3d), although 4TO7 exhibited mesenchymal-like morphology and increased migrative/invasive capacity compared to epithelial-like 4T1 cells (Supplementary Fig. 3f–g). Here, DKK1 is linked to breast carcinoma.