Thus, Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell-based immunotherapy holds potential as an alternative treatment strategy for HCC patients resistant or intolerant to immune checkpoint inhibition, removing the need for tumour-antigen specificity due to the uniform, MHC-unrestricted responsiveness of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cells to phospho-antigen (IPP) stimulation. Here, HLA-C is linked to neoplasm.