Despite recent advances in stem cell biology, the application of stem cell therapy in the management of many chronic inflammatory disorders, including periodontitis, remains in its infancy, largely due to the dysregulation of the reparative cell population exposed to inflammatory cues.14–16,71 Our data demonstrate for the first time a pivotal role of the lncRNA GACAT2 in regulating the mitochondrial function and cementogenesis of PDLSCs in an inflammatory environment (Fig. 8i). This evidence concerns the gene GACAT2 and periodontitis.