In analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, history of smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes, stroke and hyperlipidemia, stroke causes, NIHSS score, BI, BMI, and infarct location (Model 2), the patients with high serum SOD had a low risk of CI-E (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42–0.91, P = 0.013) and CI-L (OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.17–0.69 per SD, P = 0.003). This evidence concerns the gene SOD1 and diabetes mellitus.