P2RX5 (purinergic receptor P2X 5), also known as P2X5/LRH-1 encodes a receptor for adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine that functions as a ligand-gated ion channel; this receptor can be aberrantly expressed in a subset of primary solid tumor specimens derived from renal cell carcinoma, brain cancer, colon and breast cancer patients (122, 123). Here, P2RX5 is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.