Over recent years, a compendium of SLC6A1 mutations (Figure 1) have been associated with a range of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, variable degrees of ID and a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes (Table 1) (Carvill et al., 2015; Johannesen et al., 2018; Mattison et al., 2018; Goodspeed et al., 2020; Kahen et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene SLC6A1 and autism.