T-cell subpopulation imbalance and dysfunction are involved in the development of NS (Fiser et al., 1991; Neuhaus et al., 1995), as evidenced by the presence of a large infiltration of inflammatory cells and the overexpression of the inflammatory cytokines TNF and interleukin 1 (IL-1) in the peripheral blood of children with primary NS and mice with adriamycin nephropathy (Lv et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and Netherton syndrome.