With the recent advancements in high throughput technologies, numerous molecular markers have been described in AML and based on these molecular markers the risk groups were released by the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) [4], which covers recurrent genetic variations in genes like FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) and CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein Alpha (CEBPA).The discovery of new genetic biomarkers provided a high improvement in the targeted therapies for AML cases as well. The gene discussed is NPM1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.