In dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and infection-induced mouse models of colitis, dysregulated IL-1β, and/or its receptor signaling also promote exacerbated tissue inflammation (Maeda et al., 2005; Muller et al., 2009; Neudecker et al., 2017; Ng et al., 2010; Saitoh et al., 2008; Seo et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and infection.