TNF and neuroma: After adding the HUD antibody, the levels of factors secreted by M1 macrophages TNF-α (P < 0.01) and IL-12 (P < 0.05) in co-cultured neuroma cells and monocyte macrophages increased significantly, while the level of factor secreted by M2 macrophage IL-10 (P < 0.05) decreased (Figure 3).