Finally, in a cohort of patients with CD26, all of whom had some degree of cardiac impairment, there was no difference in HRQoL assessed by the WHOQOL-Bref in all domains (physical, psychological, social relationships, and environment) between patients with non-Chagas cardiomyopathy, ChC without heart failure, and ChC with heart failure. This evidence concerns the gene DPP4 and heart failure.