Modulation of the mTOG–PAIP1 axis rescues global and 5′ PES mRNA translation, including RPL29 and EIF6, following short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated PUS7 KD in the human MDS-derived cell line32, MDS-L, which was established from a patient with a chromosome 5q deletion, del(5q), MDS and refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts. Here, EIF6 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.