Some basal epithelial cell markers and cancer stem-like cell markers had significantly higher expression levels in CYP1B1High samples than CYP1B1Low samples (Additional file 2: Fig. S6A), and overexpressing CYP1B1 in LNCaP cells significantly upregulated the expression of basal epithelial cell markers TP63, KRT5, and KRT14, as well as some stemness-associated markers, including CD44, KIT, MET, MAML2, SOX2, OCT4, and ABCG2 (Additional file 2: Fig. S6B). Here, CYP1B1 is linked to cancer.