According to reports, the principle of the combination therapy is that TACE increases tumor-specific CD8 + T cell response by killing HCC cells and causing the release of tumor-associated antigens [21], and increases programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in HCC [22, 23]. This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and hepatocellular carcinoma.