Here, we noticed that immune cell infiltration was overall higher in astrocytoma than in oligodendroglioma, including M0, M1, and M2 macrophages, while CD8 + and CD4 + T cells were highly enriched in oligodendroglioma (Fig. 5A; Additional file 9: Table S7). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).