GJA1 and breast carcinoma: In previous studies on human material, researchers analyzed expression of Cx43 in ovarian cancer (Tanaka et al., 2016), breast carcinoma (Kanczuga-Koda, Sulkowski & Lenczewski, 2006), colonic carcinoma (Han et al., 2011), and melanoma (Tittarelli, Guerrero & Tempio, 2015).