ATR and central nervous system cancer: Particularly, artesunate, an artemisinin's derivative, provoked a DDR with phosphorylation of ATM, ATR, CHK1, and CHK2 in LN-229 glioma cells after 8-hour treatment [45], while timosaponin AIII activated DDR through the ATM-CHK2 pathway in MCF-7 cells after treatment for 10–20 min [44].