IL‐1β is promoted by cholesterol crystals, neutrophil extracellular traps, tissue hypoxia, turbulent arterial flow patterns as well as by balloon injury and carotid artery ligation.[14] These features are often associated with focal development of atherosclerosis.[52] For example, the caspase‐1 within NLRP3 inflammasome can cleave pro‐IL‐1β into the active form of IL‐1β. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and atherosclerosis.