IL‐6 has been implicated as a main contributor to atherogenesis, atherothrombosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.[54] The IL‐6 receptor signaling pathway has been proposed as a possible causal pathway for atherothrombosis, since the administration of IL‐6 to apolipoprotein E (ApoE)‐deficient mice resulted in the development of atherosclerosis and the enlargement their lesions.[46] It was also found that IL‐1β affected atherosclerosis through mediating the IL‐6 signaling pathway.[52]. This evidence concerns the gene APOE and atherosclerosis.