Sarm1 is essential for Wallerian degeneration in flies and mammals (Gerdts et al., 2013; Osterloh et al., 2012) and has a role in selected additional degeneration models such as traumatic brain injury (Henninger et al., 2016) and peripheral neuropathy (Turkiew et al., 2017). The gene discussed is SARM1; the disease is peripheral neuropathy.