FOXO3 and cancer: Among Foxo1, Foxo3, Foxo4 and Foxo6, which have been recognized for their engagement in cellular proliferation, function and demise [39], Foxo3a is especially crucial in oncogenesis and suppressing the growth of various human cancers [40], and its subcellular localization, distribution, and phosphorylation are often closely linked to colon [41], prostate [42], bladder [43] and breast [44] cancer prognosis.