For the myocardial damage caused by diabetes, Resveratrol can inhibit the high-mobility group box 1tbox1 (HMGB 1)-mediated signaling pathway (Wu et al., 2016), activate SIRT1 leading to deacetylation of both NF-kB/p65 and histone 3 (H3) (Bagul et al., 2015), improve AMPK-related pathways (Guo et al., 2015), and enhance autophagy via the SIRT1/Forkhead box O1(FOXO1)/member RAS oncogene family (RAB7) axis (Wang et al., 2014), (Table 4). The gene discussed is SIRT1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.