Some of these include resistance to the hepatocellular carcinoma cells by sponging miR-216b (Yuan P. et al., 2016), sunitinib-resistance by regulating miR-362-3p-mediated G3BP1 in renal cell carcinoma (Wang Z. et al., 2020), cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer (Dai et al., 2020), and docetaxel resistance of prostate cancer cells via miR-145-5p-mediated regulation of AKAP12 (Xue et al., 2018). Here, AKAP12 is linked to renal cell carcinoma.