GSEA analysis revealed that the high-risk model was associated with the pathways in cancer, ECM receptor interaction, P53 signaling pathway, NOD like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, Toll like receptor signaling pathway, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity and other signaling pathways involved in the progress of NSCLC (Supplementary Figure S6 and Table 3). Here, TP53 is linked to cancer.