Firstly, P14 CD8+ T cells from the tumor tissues (B16F10‐GP day 21, T‐21), the spleens of chronic viral infection (LCMV Cl13 day 21, CVI‐21), or the spleens of acute viral infection (LCMV Armstrong day 8, effector; LCMV Armstrong day 300, memory) were sorted at indicated time points, and RNAs from these cells were subsequently extracted for measuring the transcripts of an array of IRs by quantitative real time‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) (Figure 1A and Figure S1). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.