TACR1 and glioblastoma: The results of the present study showed that upon the SP-mediated NK1R activation, there was a remarkable elevation in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in glioblastoma cells; a human malignancy in which the induction of oxidative stress is coupled not only with disease progression but also with poor prognosis [23, 24].